Primary Science Program
Describe how atoms can bond to make molecules using physical models, diagrams and chemical formulae e.g. H2O.
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Explain why solids, liquids and gases have different observable properties due to their molecular separations and motion, and how heating or cooling can lead to a change of state.
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Compare and contrast molecules that form chemical families (e.g. alkanes) using physical models, structural diagrams and chemical formulae.
Foundation Year
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Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
TOPICS
Links to the Australian Curriculum
Atoms are made of smaller charged particles called protons, electrons and neutral neutrons.
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Atoms bond together to make molecules, including those needed for living things: O2, H2O, CO2, and food
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Small molecules (monomers) can bond end-to-end to make longer molecules (polymers) and create useful things like plastics, and carbohydrates.
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Plants use CO2, H2O and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen (photosynthesis); and animals and plants use glucose and O2 to produce CO2, H2O and energy (respiration).
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Electric charges can attract or repel with a force varying with their charge and distance apart.
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The arrangement and movement of molecules can explain the observable properties of solids, liquids and gases, and that heating or cooling affects the atom's and molecule's speed.
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Everything is made of atoms, including you.
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The Periodic Table is divided into metals, semi-metals and non-metals which have different physical properties like malleability, brittleness, ductility and electrical conductivity.
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Chemical reactions occur when molecules rearrange their bonds to form new substances.
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The Periodic Table arranges all the kinds of atoms into rows and groups including the necessary elements for living things.
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Chemical families such as the alkanes cans show trends in melting and boiling points with changing molecular length.
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Earth's 3-billion year history of life has produced a large range of complex molecules in its biosphere, including proteins, under the influence of seasonal and daily solar variations.
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Celestial objects are all made of the elements in the Periodic Table- the sun, stars, Jupiter, and Saturn mostly of hydrogen, while the planets including Earth a mostly of oxygen, silicon and metals.
Chemical reactions can result in metal atoms bonding to non-metals atoms to produce ionic substances (e.g. NaCl), or in non-metallic atoms bonding with other non-metallic atoms to produce covalent substances (e.g. H2O).
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The Atomic Weight of an element is approximately the sum of its protons and neutrons in its most common isotope.
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Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
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Electric circuits involve the movement of electrons through metal atoms, or the movement of charged ions through solutions between electrodes.
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Atoms- mostly oxygen, silicon, aluminium and iron- are the building blocks of minerals, and minerals are the building blocks of rocks.
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The sun is the most powerful light source for earth and is caused by electron transitions of its hydrogen and helium atoms, and causes causes earth's day-night cycle.
Electron transitions within atoms cause the emission of light rays which travel in straight lines until they encounter an object or another medium like glass or water.
AC9SFH01
Use and influence of science
Explore the ways people make and use observations and questions to learn about the natural world
AC9SFI01
Questioning and predicting
Explore the ways people make and use observations and questions to learn about the natural world
AC9SFI02
Planning and conducting
Pose questions and make predictions based on experiences
AC9SFI03
Processing, modelling and analysing
Represent observations in provided templates and identify patterns with guidance